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• Gerund(v-ing)/infinitive(to+v1)

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Baidu’s Silicon Valley AI Lab, where PaddlePaddle was born. Photo credit: Baidu.

Chinese search giant Baidu has been on a roll of artificial intelligence investments this year, from acquisitions like Raven Tech to the opening of a new augmented reality research team, spun off from the tech giant’s Institute for Deep Learning (Regular Verb).

Now, Baidu is looking at its deep learning framework, dubbed ‘PaddlePaddle‘ (after PArallel Distributed Deep LEarning), as a way to partner with (infinitive) – and capitalize on – larger Chinese companies in traditional industries, such as electronics manufacturers.

These companies “have a strong need for AI, especially in China,” Wang Yi, tech lead of PaddlePaddle, tells Tech in Asia. “All the TV shops, no matter if they’re old like Changhong, or new like Leshi – all their TVs are remoteless. They all use voice recognition.” China now conducts more AI research than the US.

While Western companies like Google and Amazon take most of the limelight when it comes to artificial intelligence, China’s influence in the field is growing. 

China now conducts more AI research than the US. Its researchers have such a strong presence abroad that this year’s Association of the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence gathering – held(Irregular Verb-2) in New Orleans – had to be rescheduled because it conflicted with Chinese New Year (Present Tense).

PaddlePaddle could contribute to China’s vision for powerful, homegrown artificial intelligence. For starters, Google’s services are blocked by the Great Firewall. Language barriers can also limit the reach of Western AI frameworks in China.

This makes PaddlePaddle suitable for Chinese developers who want to build and train neural networks which can learn a variety of skills, like recognizing cats and transcribing(Gerund) spoken(Irregular verb-3) Mandarin.

Also, unlike some other frameworks, PaddlePaddle is designed to work well (Infinitive) with clusters, which are groups of connected computers that can run on-premise – and can be more tightly controlled. In contrast, cloud computing is deliberately designed so that developers don’t have to worry about the underlying hardware powering(Gerund) their applications.

“Traditional businesses usually do not understand cloud so they don’t dare use it,” says Wang Yi. Instead, they prefer clusters. That’s where he sees opportunity – working with companies that need AI capabilities, but are uncomfortable with storing (Gerund) their data on the cloud.

Already, Baidu has been approached by several Chinese companies, he says. Those in discussion include a domestic smartphone brand and an airline. Last month, Baidu also announced PaddlePaddle’s compatibility with Kubernetes, a popular open source tool that helps developers manage the workload of computers in a cluster.

Xu Wei, creator of PaddlePaddle. Photo credit: Baidu.

Deep learning via clusters is also where Baidu is hoping to make its mark – especially because cloud isn’t the company’s forte. In China, Baidu’s cloud service is eclipsed by Alibaba Cloud, the cloud computing (Gerund) arm of ecommerce giant Alibaba.

“From Google’s point of view, it’s very natural to encourage everyone to use Google Cloud, because it already has a very successful cloud service,” explains Wang Yi. “But today, Baidu’s cloud service in China […] is very small. Not many people know it exists.” Doubling (Gerund) down on deep learning via clusters, however, could make PaddlePaddle stand out, not only in China, but around the world. 

First China, then the world

Still, Baidu has a lot of catching up to do. The company open sourced PaddlePaddle last September, almost a year after Google, which opened Tensorflow to third-party developers in November 2015 (Past Tense). It will be an uphill battle for the Chinese tech giant to attract developers to PaddlePaddle, when many have already settled on their framework of choice.

PaddlePaddle has one key competitive advantage: it was developed by Chinese software engineers.

“It’s very impressive that PaddlePaddle shares its distributed computing ability in the initial open source version and has competitive speed performance with others,” Weiyan Wang, a machine learning PhD student at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, tells Tech in Asia in an email. Weiyan, who has used PaddlePaddle, works with Professor Qiang Yang, a data mining and AI expert who regularly collaborates with Tencent, the Chinese tech giant behind WeChat.

“But it’s a pity that PaddlePaddle chose to open-source it half year ago instead of earlier than or together with other giants,” says Weiyan. Other frameworks, such as Tensorflow and Torch, may not only have cultivated certain habits among developers, but have also attracted many code contributors in the open source community, he says.

However, PaddlePaddle does have one key competitive advantage: it was developed by Chinese software engineers. Unlike Western tools like Facebook’s Torch or Amazon DSSTNE, its documentation is available in both Chinese and English. Chinese is also often used between PaddlePaddle collaborators and contributors. That naturally makes it easier to work (Infinitive) with than Western equivalents.

“Because it’s difficult for a lot of my Beijing coworkers to communicate their ideas in English, they’ll often use Chinese for the sake of convenience,” says Wang Yi. “In Github, a lot of [PaddlePaddle] issues are written in Chinese.”

“This will probably affect English speakers that have joined [the community], but it’s hard for us to suggest that everyone use English because we can’t guarantee that everyone can speak clearly in English. If people can’t communicate clearly, then we might as well use Chinese,” he says.

Currency converted from Chinese yuan. Rate: US$1 = RMB 6.90.

Editing by Malavika Velayanikal, Terence Lee, and Judith Balea

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Sumber: https://www.techinasia.com/baidus-deep-learning-framework-give-china-leg-ai-race